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1 σφιγκτήρ
A that which binds tight, lace, band, etc.,κόμας σφιγκτῆρα.. κεκρύφαλον AP6.206
(Antip. Sid.);σ. δεσμός Nonn.D. 16.391
.II muscle closing an aperture which naturally remains in the state of contraction, AP12.7 (Strat.), Heliod. ap. Orib.44.23.55, Sor.1.16, Gal.UP4.19, Paul.Aeg.6.78.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σφιγκτήρ
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2 σφίγγω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to bind, to embrace, to jam in'; non-pres. forms almost only hell. a. late (since Emp., A. Pr. 58)Derivatives: 1. Vbaladj. σφιγκτός `bound' (AP, Opp. a.o.). 2. σφιγκ-τήρ m. "binder" (AP, Nonn., of collar resp. fetter), des. muscle closing an aperture (medic. a.o.), also = χιτών. Ταραντῖνοι H. (as closely fitting); Lat. LW [loanword] spinter n. `bracelet' (Leumann Spr. 1, 205 = Kl. Schr. 172); - τωρ of reins (AP); - της = κίναιδος (Cratin., H.), Lat. LW [loanword] spintria m. `id.' 3. σφίγξις ( ἀπό-, διά-, περί-), also ἀπό-σφιξις f. `the binding' (medic. a.o.). 4. σφίγμα ( ὑπό-) n. `obstruction' (Hero, medic.). -- On itself stands, apparently as backformation ("rootnoun") Σφίγξ, - ιγγός f. `sphinx' (Hdt., A., E. etc.), also name of an ape (Agatharch. a.o.). Compp. ἀνδρό-σφιγξ m. `male sphinx' (Hdt.), σφιγγό-πους `with sphinx-feet' (hell.). From it σφιγγ-ίον n. `kind of ape' (Plin., inscr. Praeneste), meaning unclear (Luc. Apol. 1); - ίδιον n. `little sphinx' (inscr.). Besides acc. Φῖκα (vv. ll. Σφῖκα, Φίγγα, Σφίγγα) f. (Hes. Th. 326), Σφίξ, - ικός (Choerob.; also Thess. inscr. VIIa?); Βῖκας Σφίγγας H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: As basis of all forms served the pres. σφίγγω; the nasalless forms ἔσφιγμαι, σφίγμα, ἀπόσφιξις are secondary. -- Isolated. To be rejected Persson Beitr. 1, 399 (with reservation; referee in Bq, WP. 2, 658, Pok. 984). The judgement of Σφίγξ is difficult. The by-forms Φῖκα, Σφῖκα as well as φιγγα = σφίγγα in Pl. Kra. 414 d may be due to folketymological adaptations; cf. also the Φίκιον ὄρος north of Thebes (on it v. Wilamowitz Glaube l. 269). -- The variations show a Pre-Greek word. On the possibility of an Egyptian loan Mac Creedy, Glotta 46, 1968, 250.Page in Frisk: 2,832Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σφίγγω
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